{"main_topic":"education","sub_topic":"school_zones","topic":"school_zone_population","key":"education/school_zones/school_zone_population","version":"1.1.0","year_min":2027,"year_max":2027,"year_gaps":[],"update_frequency":"as zones change and each December (new ACS 5-year release)","detail_levels":["schools"],"default_detail":"schools","path_template":"education/school_zone_population/year={year}/{detail}.parquet","grain":["year","district_code","school_code","zone_level","age_bracket"],"title":"School Zone Population","summary":"How many people, and how many 5-17-year-olds, live in each Georgia public school's attendance zone, with density and land area.","description":"Population of each Georgia public school's attendance zone, all ages and ages 5-17: estimated residents (the key metric) and residents per square mile of land, each with a 90 percent margin of error, and the zone's land area, from the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates (table B01001, sex by age). A zone that is its whole school district carries the Census's own figures for that district, and one that is its whole county the county's (estimate_source). Every other zone is built from block-group estimates placed in the zone by the school_attendance_zone_block_groups crosswalk's 2020 population shares. Land area is the zone's 2020 census land, built the same way for every zone. Two rows per school and zone level, one per age_bracket. year is the school year the zones are in effect for (2027 = 2026-27).","explorer":true,"source":"U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey table B01001 (sex by age) for school districts, counties and block groups (the 2020-2024 five-year release) and 2020 census land areas; school attendance zones and their 2020 census block group crosswalk (this platform's school_attendance_zones and school_attendance_zone_block_groups topics, weighted by 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 population).","source_url":"https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT5Y2024.B01001?g=040XX00US13$1500000","endpoint":"/api/v1/education/school_zone_population","columns":[{"name":"year","type":"integer","role":"year","nullable":false,"label":"Year","short_description":"","description":"School year the zones are in effect for, as its ending calendar year (2027 = 2026-27). The population is the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimate.","valid_values":null,"example":2027,"unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"district_code","type":"string","role":"fk_district","nullable":false,"label":"District Code","short_description":"","description":"GOSA district code (FK to the districts dimension).","valid_values":null,"example":"667","unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"school_code","type":"string","role":"fk_school","nullable":false,"label":"School Code","short_description":"","description":"4-digit GOSA school code (composite FK to the schools dimension with district_code): the zone's school.","valid_values":null,"example":"0177","unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"zone_level","type":"string","role":"categorical","nullable":false,"label":"Zone Level","short_description":"Elementary, middle or high zone.","description":"The level of the school's zone: elementary, middle or high, as the crosswalk gives it. Most schools have one; a school with zones at two or three levels (a K-8, a 6-12, a K-12 school) has rows for each, and its zones can differ in area. A school drawing a single grade at two levels is counted at the lower one, as on the crosswalk.","valid_values":["elementary","middle","high"],"example":"elementary","unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":true,"metric_component":null},{"name":"age_bracket","type":"string","role":"categorical","nullable":false,"label":"Age Bracket","short_description":"All ages, or ages 5 to 17.","description":"all: every resident (B01001_001, the total row); 5_17: residents aged 5 to 17, the sum of the male and female 5 to 9, 10 to 14 and 15 to 17 cells. The same values as the census population_by_age topic.","valid_values":["all","5_17"],"example":"5_17","unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":true,"metric_component":null},{"name":"num_population","type":"integer","role":"metric","nullable":true,"label":"Population","short_description":"Estimated residents of the zone in the age bracket.","description":"Estimated residents of the zone in the age bracket (ACS B01001): for a whole-district or whole-county zone, the Census's published estimate for the district or county; otherwise each block group's estimate times the share of its 2020 population living in the zone, added over the zone's block groups and rounded to whole persons.","valid_values":null,"example":14820,"unit":"count","value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":"Withheld by this topic: the estimate's 90 percent margin of error exceeds the estimate.","key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"num_population_moe","type":"integer","role":"metric","nullable":true,"label":"Population Moe","short_description":"","description":"90 percent margin of error of num_population: the published margin for a whole district or county (for 5_17, the root sum of squares of the six cells' margins, Census zero-estimate rule); otherwise the root sum of squares of the block groups' weighted margins (Census zero-cell rule). Never the headline metric.","valid_values":null,"example":null,"unit":"count","value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":"NULL when the population is NULL, or when it is a district's or county's controlled total (all-ages rows of whole-area zones only): the Census fixes those to its population estimates and publishes no margin (annotation -555555555).","key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"population_per_sq_mi","type":"number","role":"metric","nullable":true,"label":"Population per Square Mile","short_description":"","description":"Residents in the age bracket per square mile of land: num_population / land_area_sq_mi, to 0.1. Never average it across zones: pool as SUM(num_population) / SUM(land_area_sq_mi).","valid_values":null,"example":812.4,"unit":"rate_per_area","value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":"NULL exactly when num_population is NULL.","key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"population_per_sq_mi_moe","type":"number","role":"metric","nullable":true,"label":"Population per Square Mile Moe","short_description":"","description":"90 percent margin of error of population_per_sq_mi: num_population_moe / land_area_sq_mi, to 0.1 (land area treated as exact). A margin under 0.05 shows as 0.0 (a large zone whose published margin is small), not an exact density.","valid_values":null,"example":null,"unit":"rate_per_area","value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":"NULL exactly when num_population_moe is NULL.","key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"land_area_sq_mi","type":"number","role":"metric","nullable":false,"label":"Land Area (Square Miles)","short_description":"","description":"The zone's land area in square miles, to 0.001: each 2020 block group's census land area times the share of that land in the zone (the crosswalk's pct_of_block_group_area, from 2020 blocks), added over the zone's block groups. Water is excluded. The same on both age_bracket rows of a zone and never withheld.","valid_values":null,"example":23.415,"unit":"area","value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"pct_level_overcounted","type":"number","role":"metric","nullable":false,"label":"Share of the Level's Population Counted Twice","short_description":"Share of the district's zones at this level's summed people counted more than once.","description":"Share of the summed population of all the district's zones at this zone_level that the sum counts more than once, to 0.0001: 0 where the level's zones do not share homes (most levels, and every level with one zone). Where a level's grades are split between schools (a K-2 primary and a 3-5 elementary drawing the same homes), each school's zone counts those homes again: two such zones over the same area give 0.5. From the 2020 weights the roll-up uses: in each block group, the people the level's zones hold together (grade-averaged) beyond the most they hold at any one grade, summed over block groups by their 2020 people; a home in one school's zone for some grades and another's for the rest (a phased rezoning) is held once and adds nothing. One value per district and zone_level, on every zone and age_bracket row of it. A pooled figure over the level's zones (SUM(num_population), SUM(land_area_sq_mi), or the pooled density) double-counts where it is above 0.","valid_values":null,"example":0.0,"unit":"proportion","value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"estimate_source","type":"string","role":"categorical","nullable":false,"label":"Estimate Source","short_description":"Where the row's population comes from.","description":"school_district: the zone is its whole school district (the district's only zone at every grade the school serves at this level), so the row carries the Census's own figures for the district; county: the zone is its whole county but not a whole district (a zone adding an area outside the district's unified outline, as a military base's high school area), so the county's own figures; block_groups: built from the zone's block groups (every other zone). Land area is built from block groups for every zone.","valid_values":["school_district","county","block_groups"],"example":"block_groups","unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null},{"name":"zone_differs_by_grade","type":"boolean","role":"categorical","nullable":false,"label":"Zone Differs by Grade","short_description":"","description":"True when the school's zone at this level is not the same area at every grade it serves (a phased-in rezoning, or a neighbouring school serving only some grades): its block groups or their 2020 population differ between grades, or its land does by at least 0.001 square mile. The row then describes the zone averaged over those grades. False for most zones.","valid_values":null,"example":false,"unit":null,"value_min":null,"value_max":null,"null_meaning":null,"key_metric_grain_contributor":false,"metric_component":null}],"key_metric":"num_population","usage":"Two rows per school zone, one per age_bracket: all (every resident) and 5_17 (residents aged 5 to 17); pin age_bracket, since all includes 5_17. A school with zones at two levels (a K-8 school's elementary and middle zones) has rows for each, so pin zone_level too. Population density across several zones: SUM(num_population) / SUM(land_area_sq_mi) over zones at one zone_level and one age_bracket whose pct_level_overcounted is 0 (the district's zones at that level do not share homes); never average population_per_sq_mi across zones, which weights a 1-square-mile zone like a 300-square-mile one. num_population and land_area_sq_mi never add across zone_level (each level's zones cover the same homes again), across age_bracket, or across the zones of a level whose pct_level_overcounted is above 0: schools that split the level's grades (a K-2 primary and a 3-5 elementary, a 9th-grade campus and a 10-12 high school) hold the same homes, and the share says how much of the summed population is counted more than once. A zone that is its whole school district carries the district's published figures, the same on every such row of the district (estimate_source school_district); one that is its whole county but not its district carries the county's (county). Compare two zones only when their margins of error do not overlap.","limitations":"Describes the people living in each zone, not the students enrolled at its school: a zone is the default assignment, and students can attend elsewhere by transfer or at charter, magnet and other choice schools. Block-group zones assume the people of each census block group are spread inside it as they were in the 2020 census: each block group's ACS population is placed in the zone in proportion to the share of its 2020 population living there, so a zone holding part of a block group gets that share of its people, whatever has been built since. A zone that is its whole school district, or its whole county, carries the Census's own published figures for it instead (estimate_source); the district figures are for the district's boundary in the ACS release. Population is the ACS 2020-2024 5-year estimate, an average over those five years, not a count at one date, while the zones are those in effect for the 2026-27 school year; a later school year will pair its zones with the newest ACS release, and consecutive releases share most of their sample, so a difference between years is not annual change. Margins of error (90%) of block-group zones use the Census approximation formulas and do not include the error of placing block-group people in zones; the Census publishes no margin for a controlled district or county total, so those all-ages rows have none (295 zones). Density's margin treats land area as exact. Land area is the 2020 census land (no water) of the zone's blocks, the same method for every zone. A population whose margin of error exceeds the estimate is withheld (NULL, with its margin and density: no rows for all ages and no rows for ages 5-17); others remain very uncertain (no rows for all ages and 7 rows for ages 5-17 with a margin over half the estimate): read every figure with its margin. Coverage is the crosswalk's: districts whose zones were collected; a zone's gaps and stale boundaries carry through (see the school_attendance_zones topic). A row averages the zone over its grades where the zone differs by grade (zone_differs_by_grade). Zones are not enrollment: the 5-17 population is the zone's school-age residents, in public, private or home school or none, not the school's students.","null_semantics":{"suppressed_to_null":true,"zero_is_real":true},"available_years":[2027],"schema_hash":"11aac75726c631b50e63b0dcf0dc63f383d9384de1dd850b8a8afbad668c65e4","tags":["education","u.s. census bureau, american community survey table b01001","school_zone_population"],"granularity_description":"One row per year, district_code, school_code, zone_level, age_bracket.","example_queries":[{"description":"Latest year (2027), schools detail","query":"SELECT * FROM school_zone_population WHERE year = 2027 LIMIT 100"},{"description":"District 667 in 2027","query":"SELECT * FROM school_zone_population WHERE district_code = '667' AND year = 2027 LIMIT 100"},{"description":"Filter by zone_level = elementary","query":"SELECT * FROM school_zone_population WHERE zone_level = 'elementary' AND year = 2027 LIMIT 100"}],"foreign_keys":[{"column":"district_code","target_object":"districts","target_columns":["district_code"],"attribute_columns_added":["district_name","district_census_id","district_type"],"scope":"domain"},{"column":"school_code","target_object":"schools","target_columns":["district_code","school_code"],"attribute_columns_added":["school_name"],"scope":"domain"}],"filters":[{"param":"year","kind":"year_exact","type":"integer","multi_value":false,"enum_enforced":false,"values":null},{"param":"year_min","kind":"year_range","type":"integer","multi_value":false,"enum_enforced":false,"values":null},{"param":"year_max","kind":"year_range","type":"integer","multi_value":false,"enum_enforced":false,"values":null},{"param":"detail","kind":"detail","type":"string","multi_value":false,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["schools"],"default":"schools"},{"param":"district_code","kind":"foreign_key","column":"district_code","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":false,"values":null},{"param":"school_code","kind":"foreign_key","column":"school_code","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":false,"values":null},{"param":"zone_level","kind":"categorical","column":"zone_level","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["elementary","middle","high"],"has_total":false,"total_value":null,"requires_single_value":true,"nullable":false,"null_filter_token":null},{"param":"age_bracket","kind":"categorical","column":"age_bracket","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["all","5_17"],"has_total":true,"total_value":"all","requires_single_value":false,"nullable":false,"null_filter_token":null},{"param":"estimate_source","kind":"categorical","column":"estimate_source","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["school_district","county","block_groups"],"has_total":false,"total_value":null,"requires_single_value":false,"nullable":false,"null_filter_token":null},{"param":"zone_differs_by_grade","kind":"categorical","column":"zone_differs_by_grade","type":"boolean","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":false,"values":null,"has_total":false,"total_value":null,"requires_single_value":false,"nullable":false,"null_filter_token":null},{"param":"district_type","kind":"dimension_attribute","dimension":"districts","column":"district_type","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["commission_charter","resa","standard","state_agency","state_charter","state_school","state_special"]},{"param":"school_level","kind":"dimension_attribute","dimension":"schools","column":"school_level","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["elementary","middle","high","k12","other"]},{"param":"locale","kind":"dimension_attribute","dimension":"schools","column":"locale","type":"string","multi_value":true,"enum_enforced":true,"values":["city","suburb","town","rural"]}],"filter_hints":[],"non_additive":[{"column":"zone_level","reason":"Each level's zones cover the same homes again (a home is in an elementary, a middle and a high school zone), so population or land area summed across zone_level is counted up to three times. Pin one level.","metrics":["num_population","num_population_moe","land_area_sq_mi"]},{"column":"school_code","reason":"Where a level's grades are split between schools (a K primary, a 1-2 and a 3-4 school; a 9th-grade campus and a 10-12 high school), each school's zone holds the same homes, so population or land area summed across schools can count them two to four times.","metrics":["num_population","num_population_moe","land_area_sq_mi"],"overlap_share":"pct_level_overcounted"},{"column":"age_bracket","reason":"all includes the 5_17 residents, and land area repeats on both rows of a zone, so population or land area summed across age_bracket double-counts. Pin one bracket.","metrics":["num_population","num_population_moe","land_area_sq_mi"]}],"value_implications":[],"year_meaning":"Year 2027 is the 2026-27 school year these attendance zones are in effect for, not when the people were counted: the population figures are the American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-year estimates.","pooled_rates":[{"column":"population_per_sq_mi","numerator":"num_population","denominator":"land_area_sq_mi"}],"values_endpoint":"/api/v1/education/school_zone_population/values"}