Foreign-Born Population (ACS)

How many residents of each Georgia community were born abroad, whether they have become citizens, and which world region they come from - ACS 5-year estimates down to the census tract.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
Year coverage: 2020–2024
Updated: annual
Version: 1.0.0
Schema hash: 8e80b71bb788

Detail levels available

StateCounty · defaultDistrict

Overview

Population by nativity and citizenship from the American Community Survey 5-year estimates (detailed table B05002, Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status), for Georgia at state, county, school district, and census tract geography, vintages 2020-2024: the total population split native / foreign born, the foreign born by citizenship (naturalized U.S. citizen vs not a U.S. citizen) and by world region of birth, and the place-of-birth partition of the total (born in Georgia, another state, native born abroad, foreign born), each with its 90 percent margin of error.

Row grain: One row per year, county_fips, district_code, tract_geoid, citizenship_status, place_of_birth, region_of_birth.

Key metric

population_count — Population Count (count)

The single headline value most answers want.

JSON schema →Data contract (YAML) →

Variables

Every column in the fact table. The code is the exact field name the API returns.

Column	Type	Unit	Range	Null?	Description
`year`Year	integer	—	—	no	ACS 5-year vintage END year: 2024 covers the pooled 2020-2024 survey period. Consecutive vintages overlap. Full description▾ ACS 5-year vintage END year: 2024 covers the pooled 2020-2024 survey period. Consecutive vintages overlap.
`county_fips`County FIPS	string	—	—	yes	5-digit county FIPS code (state 13 + county). Populated only on county-level rows. Full description▾ 5-digit county FIPS code (state 13 + county). Populated only on county-level rows. Joins counties; adds its label columns.
`district_code`District Code	string	—	—	yes	GCD school district code (FK to the education districts dimension). Populated only on district-level rows - Census unified-school-district estimates mapped onto the ~180 standard districts via the dimension's district_census_id. Full description▾ GCD school district code (FK to the education districts dimension). Populated only on district-level rows - Census unified-school-district estimates mapped onto the ~180 standard districts via the dimension's district_census_id. Joins districts; adds its label columns.
`tract_geoid`Tract GEOID	string	—	—	yes	11-digit census tract GEOID (2020 boundaries). Populated only on tract-level rows. Full description▾ 11-digit census tract GEOID (2020 boundaries). Populated only on tract-level rows. Joins tracts; adds its label columns.
`citizenship_status`Citizenship Status	string	—	—	no	Native vs foreign born, and the foreign born by citizenship; a hierarchy, never summed. Full description▾ Nativity and citizenship status. Hierarchical, not a partition: all = native + foreign_born, and foreign_born = naturalized + noncitizen, so the five values must never be summed. 'all' is the total row. The ACS asks citizenship, not legal status: noncitizen covers lawful permanent residents, temporary visa holders, and unauthorized migrants alike. In this topic the five values are served at place_of_birth = 'all' (region_of_birth = 'all' for the subtotals); the six region_of_birth breakdowns exist only under foreign_born, naturalized, and noncitizen. foreign_born here and place_of_birth = 'foreign_born' are the same people (B05002 cell 013). 5 allowed values▾ `all — total / aggregate` `native` `foreign_born` `naturalized` `noncitizen`
`place_of_birth`Place of Birth	string	—	—	no	Where residents were born: Georgia, another state, abroad as a citizen, or abroad as a foreign national. Full description▾ Place of birth. A partition of the total: all = born_in_state + born_other_state + native_born_abroad + foreign_born (the first three together are the native population). 'all' is the total row. 'Born in state' means born in Georgia, the state of residence. In this topic the four non-'all' values are served only at citizenship_status = 'all' and region_of_birth = 'all', where they partition the total; foreign_born here and citizenship_status = 'foreign_born' are the same people (B05002 cell 013). 5 allowed values▾ `all — total / aggregate` `born_in_state` `born_other_state` `native_born_abroad` `foreign_born`
`region_of_birth`Region of Birth	string	—	—	no	World region the foreign born were born in; pin citizenship_status to a foreign-born status to use it. Full description▾ World region of birth of the foreign-born population, per the Census B05002 grouping: europe, asia, africa, oceania, latin_america (Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, South America), northern_america (Canada, Bermuda, Greenland, St. Pierre and Miquelon). 'all' is the status subtotal. Non-'all' values exist only under citizenship_status foreign_born, naturalized, and noncitizen at place_of_birth = 'all' - the source has no region cell for the native population, so no such row is published. The six regions sum to at most the subtotal: from vintage 2023 the noncitizen and foreign_born subtotals also include a few dozen people born at sea (one Cobb County tract) who belong to no region. 7 allowed values▾ `all — total / aggregate` `europe` `asia` `africa` `oceania` `latin_america` `northern_america`
`population_count`Population Count	integer	count	—	yes	Estimated residents in the nativity / citizenship / region-of-birth category. Full description▾ ACS 5-year estimate of the number of residents in the (citizenship_status, place_of_birth, region_of_birth) cell: the published B05002 cell, except that foreign_born x region rows are the exact sum of the naturalized and noncitizen region cells. Survey estimate, not a full count - see population_count_moe.
`population_count_moe`Population Count Moe	number	count	—	yes	90 percent margin of error for population_count. Published margins are served as-is (cast to float, never rounded); the six derived foreign_born x region rows carry the Census sqrt-sum-of-squares approximation over the two member-cell margins under the zero-estimate rule (non-integer). Never the headline metric. Full description▾ 90 percent margin of error for population_count. Published margins are served as-is (cast to float, never rounded); the six derived foreign_born x region rows carry the Census sqrt-sum-of-squares approximation over the two member-cell margins under the zero-estimate rule (non-integer). Never the headline metric.

Filters

Query parameters the fact endpoint accepts. Comma-separated values are OR within a parameter; multiple parameters AND together.

Parameter	Kind	Allowed values	Notes
`year`	year_exact	any value	—
`year_min`	year_range	any value	—
`year_max`	year_range	any value	—
`detail`	detail	`countiesdistrictsstatestracts`	enum-enforced, default: counties
`district_code`	foreign_key	any value	multi-value
`county_fips`	foreign_key	any value	multi-value
`tract_geoid`	foreign_key	any value	multi-value
`citizenship_status`	categorical	`allnativeforeign_bornnaturalizednoncitizen`	multi-value, enum-enforced
`place_of_birth`	categorical	`allborn_in_stateborn_other_statenative_born_abroadforeign_born`	multi-value, enum-enforced
`region_of_birth`	categorical	7 allowed values▾ `all` `europe` `asia` `africa` `oceania` `latin_america` `northern_america`	multi-value, enum-enforced
`district_type`	dimension_attribute	7 allowed values▾ `commission_charter` `resa` `standard` `state_agency` `state_charter` `state_school` `state_special`	multi-value, enum-enforced

Example requests

Run these against the base URL — they return live data.

All rows (first page), counties level

curl "https://georgiacivicdata.org/api/v1/census/foreign_born_population"

counties data for 2024

curl "https://georgiacivicdata.org/api/v1/census/foreign_born_population?year=2024"

Filtered to citizenship_status = native for 2024

curl "https://georgiacivicdata.org/api/v1/census/foreign_born_population?year=2024&citizenship_status=native"

One district (code 667), 2024

curl "https://georgiacivicdata.org/api/v1/census/foreign_born_population?district_code=667&year=2024&detail=districts"

One county (FIPS 13135), 2024

curl "https://georgiacivicdata.org/api/v1/census/foreign_born_population?county_fips=13135&year=2024&detail=counties"

Download 2024 as CSV

curl "https://georgiacivicdata.org/api/v1/census/foreign_born_population?year=2024&format=csv"

Notes & limitations

NULL handling

Zero is a real, reported value.

Limitations

citizenship_status is a hierarchy, not a partition: all = native + foreign_born and foreign_born = naturalized + noncitizen, so never sum across it. Each axis is a complete breakdown only with the other two pinned to 'all': region_of_birth values other than 'all' exist only under citizenship_status foreign_born, naturalized, or noncitizen (the source has no native x region cell), and place_of_birth values other than 'all' exist only under citizenship_status 'all', where they partition the total (born_in_state + born_other_state + native_born_abroad + foreign_born). The foreign_born value on the two axes is the same people (B05002 cell 013) served twice; do not add the axes together. foreign_born x region rows are derived as the exact sum of the naturalized and noncitizen region cells, with a Census sqrt-sum-of-squares margin (non-integer, served as a float). From vintage 2023 the noncitizen and foreign_born subtotals exceed the sum of their six region cells by the foreign-born population born at sea (32 people in 2023, 29 in 2024, all in Cobb County tract 302.45 and its county and school-district parents); the region rows therefore sum to at most, not exactly, the subtotal. The ACS asks citizenship, not legal status: noncitizen covers lawful permanent residents, temporary visa holders, humanitarian migrants, and unauthorized migrants alike. A NULL population_count_moe next to a present estimate is a controlled estimate (the total is fixed to official population totals, so no sampling error is published) - never suppression. The finer native birthplace cells the table also publishes (other state by Census region; Puerto Rico, U.S. Island Areas, or born abroad of American parents) are not served. ACS 5-year period estimates: the year column is the vintage END year and each estimate pools five years of survey responses (2024 = 2020-2024). Consecutive vintages share about 80% of their sample, so the series is heavily smoothed - never difference overlapping vintages as if they were annual change. Estimates are survey-based and carry 90% margins of error (the *_moe columns); tract-level margins can be large relative to the estimate. All levels serve vintages 2020-2024 only, on 2020-vintage tract boundaries. State rows have NULL county_fips, district_code, and tract_geoid; county rows carry only county_fips, district rows only district_code, tract rows only tract_geoid. District rows cover the ~180 standard (city/county) districts only: the Census publishes school-district estimates at unified school district geography, which has no codes for charter schools, RESAs, or state agencies, and its few Census-only districts (e.g. the Fort Stewart military district) have no GCD district code and are dropped.