New Lawful Permanent Residents

Limitaciones

num_new_lprs_estimated (the key metric) equals OHSS's num_new_lprs on every row except a county's all-country/all-class total. OHSS never publishes that total, so there it is a PLATFORM ESTIMATE: exact cells plus an expected size per withheld (1-3) cell, or from FY2023 each rounded cell's expected size. In held-out FY2015-FY2022 tests it was within about 1% (median; 5% at worst, larger for small counties) of the exact cells' implied total; the truth may be about 6% lower to 14% higher. year is the FEDERAL FISCAL YEAR (October 1 - September 30; FY2024 = 2023-10-01 to 2024-09-30), as OHSS publishes it; there is no month. These figures match OHSS's published fiscal-year tables, not calendar-year counts. Two grains from two OHSS products. STATE rows (county_fips NULL): Georgia's total new LPRs FY2015-FY2024 from the Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2024, Table 4 (country_of_birth and class_of_admission = 'all'), plus a country-of-birth breakdown for FY2024 only, from Supplemental Table 1. OHSS publishes no state class-of-admission breakdown, so state rows never carry a class other than 'all'. Earlier state totals (FY2007-FY2014) are in older Yearbook editions that were not collected. COUNTY rows come from OHSS's 'Top 200 Counties' tables: only the 200 U.S. counties with the most new LPRs each year appear, recomputed every year, and Georgia has 4-7 of them. A Georgia county with no rows in a year was NOT AMONG THE 200 LARGEST U.S. COUNTIES THAT YEAR - it is not zero, and no row is emitted for it. The other 152 Georgia counties never appear. Georgia counties and their years: Chatham (13051): FY2007, FY2015-FY2024; Clayton (13063): FY2007-FY2010, FY2015-FY2016, FY2021; Cobb (13067): FY2007-FY2024; DeKalb (13089): FY2007-FY2024; Forsyth (13117): FY2020-FY2024; Fulton (13121): FY2007-FY2024; Gwinnett (13135): FY2007-FY2024. County lines therefore have gaps, and a county-level sum across counties is not a Georgia total. County breakdowns do not represent the state: in FY2024 the 6 counties' published cells put India first (2,080), while the statewide Supplemental Table 1 puts Mexico first (4,540), because the leading countries' new LPRs are spread differently across counties above and below the top-200 cut. Use the state rows for a statewide country breakdown. Disclosure, FY2007-FY2022 (county rows): OHSS withholds every cell of 1-3 people as 'D' (61%-65% of cells nationally) and publishes exact counts otherwise. A withheld cell is NULL. A country x class combination OHSS does not list had no admissions and is 0. Every 'all' total and every 'other'/'unknown' bucket is a sum of OHSS cells, and it is NULL when any of those cells is withheld, because the published cells would understate it. As a result num_new_lprs is NULL on the county all-country/all-class total in every one of these years; num_new_lprs_estimated carries a platform estimate there. Disclosure, FY2023-FY2024 (county rows): OHSS rounds every cell to the nearest 10 and withholds nothing, so a published 0 means 0-4 people (OHSS lists only combinations with at least one admission). A single cell is OHSS's rounded figure. A sum of two or more cells that includes a rounded 0 is NULL, because summing rounded county cells systematically understates the count: most county cells are 1-4 people rounded to 0. Applying the FY2023 rounding rule to the exact FY2022 Georgia cells gives county sums 3%-30% below the true totals. For the same reason num_new_lprs is NULL on every county all-country/all-class total in these years too (num_new_lprs_estimated estimates it), and on most partial 'all' totals, which are never estimated. A published sum of several rounded cells carries OHSS's rounding (up to +/-5 per cell). For example, the FY2024 cells of the 6 counties sum to 19,570, but that is not their count of new LPRs; their estimated totals sum to 21,330. State figures are OHSS's own, rounded to the nearest 10 (a 0 means 0-4). The FY2024 state country rows are Supplemental Table 1 cells; 'other' sums the non-served countries and OHSS's own residual row. Those rows sum to 35,190, against OHSS's published total of 35,100 ('Totals may not sum due to rounding'): the 'all' row is OHSS's total, never the sum. How the county totals in num_new_lprs_estimated are estimated (county rows with country_of_birth and class_of_admission = 'all' only; num_new_lprs is NULL there). The frequencies of Georgia's exact FY2007-FY2022 county cells of 4-20 people, fitted by a quadratic on the log-log scale and extrapolated to 1-3, put the average withheld cell at 1.55 people. FY2007-FY2022: the published cells plus 1.55 per 'D' cell; the true total lies between the published cells plus 1 and plus 3 per 'D' cell (about 6% below to 14% above the estimate at the median; from FY2023 the hard bounds are wider). FY2023-FY2024: each cell OHSS lists is replaced by its expected true count - the average of the exact calibration cells that round to the same value, counting a withheld cell as 1.55 (the midpoint where too few calibration cells share the value) - (1.81 for a 0, which is 1-4 people; 7.85 for a 10; 18.7 for a 20), and those are summed. Validation: each FY2015-FY2022 year was held out, its exact cells were rounded as OHSS rounds them from FY2023 (a 'D' to 0), and each county total was re-estimated from the rounded cells with a calibration on the other years. 46 of 46 estimates fell inside the range the withheld cells allow; the median error was 0.9% and the largest 5.1%, against that year's own published-plus-1.55-per-'D' total - itself an estimate, so this measures the reconstruction from rounded cells, not error against a known true total - while the raw sums of the rounded cells ran 6%-29% low. The estimated county totals stay below the state total in every year with one (61%-74% of it). They are this platform's estimates, not OHSS figures; cite them as estimates. Withheld cells and partial county subtotals are never estimated. country_of_birth serves 26 named countries: the union of Georgia's 20 leading countries of birth among FY2024 new LPRs statewide, FY2024 naturalizations statewide, and new LPRs in Georgia's top-200 counties FY2007-FY2024 (together 75-80% of each ranking). 'other' holds every other country, including the country of Georgia (the Caucasus nation), dissolved states recorded as they stood at birth (Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Serbia and Montenegro, Netherlands Antilles), and OHSS's residual row of countries with fewer than 100 new LPRs nationally. 'unknown' = an unknown country, stateless, or the FY2007 'Non-quota immigrant' code. The same vocabulary serves the naturalizations topic. 'china' is OHSS's "China, People's Republic" (mainland only): Hong Kong and Taiwan are separate OHSS countries in 'other'. Likewise 'united_kingdom' leaves out Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man, which OHSS lists separately. The census foreign_born_by_country_of_birth topic's china and united_kingdom include them, so compare with care. class_of_admission is OHSS's 16 major classes. The skilled/unskilled split of the employment third preference is detail beyond Yearbook Table 6. 'other' is OHSS's residual (special immigrants including Afghan and Iraqi special immigrant visas, cancellation of removal, parolees, and others), not a class of its own. People are counted at their state and county of residence as recorded by OHSS when they obtained LPR status, whether they adjusted status inside the U.S. or were admitted from abroad. These are OHSS-published aggregates. This platform applies no suppression of its own: a NULL is OHSS's withholding, or a sum that would not be a count. Its only estimated values are the county all-country/all-class totals in num_new_lprs_estimated; it also sums OHSS cells into the 'all' totals and the 'other'/'unknown' buckets, and fills combinations OHSS does not list with 0. Source: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security Statistics (OHSS), New LPRs by State, County, Country of Birth, and Major Class of Admission (Top 200 Counties), FY2007-FY2024 (https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/lawful-permanent-residents/lpr-state-county-country-birth-and-major-class), and Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2024, Table 4 and Supplemental Table 1 (https://ohss.dhs.gov/topics/immigration/yearbook/2024).